Periodontology

Periodontal diseases are caused by an accumulation of bacterial plaque and tartar, which causes inflammation. They come in two main forms:

Gingivitis: Reversible inflammation of the gums.

Periodontitis: Deep infection that damages the supporting tissues and can lead to bone resorption.

• Poor oral hygiene habits
• Tobacco: Aggravates inflammation and slows healing.
• Genetic predisposition: Some people are more prone to these diseases.
• General state of health
• Stress: Reduces the body’s ability to fight infection.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes can promote gingivitis. More information on this link.
• Medication: Some treatments (antidepressants, antihypertensives) cause a dry mouth, which encourages bacterial plaque.

The diagnosis is based on:

Clinical examination:

• Gingival bleeding, redness, gum recession.
• Presence of periodontal pockets measured with a probe.

X-rays:

• These can detect bone loss related to periodontitis.

Non-surgical treatments (for moderate cases):

Root planing is a deep cleaning, performed under local anaesthesia, to remove plaque and tartar from under the gum line and smooth the tooth roots.

Antibiotics are sometimes prescribed orally to rebalance the bacterial flora or to treat acute infections.

Surgical treatments (for advanced cases):

The surgical approach aims to eliminate infected tissue in the periodontal pockets and to remodel the alveolar bone.

Preventing periodontitis requires impeccable daily hygiene, regular visits to the dentist, and special attention to risk factors such as smoking or diabetes. With proper follow-up, it is possible to control this disease and preserve your oral health in the long term.

More information on this link.

Acting early guarantees a healthy and long-lasting smile.